Indica

I think the structures idea would definitely be a decent middle ground. It encourages players to get out during the storm, so there's some incentive to fight. Though I wouldn't mind the larger temporal storms having some sort of mechanic that you have to put effort into avoiding that would let them stand out. I like preparing for inevitable events like 7 Days.

Given that there's not too much consequence to temporal storms, I think it would be cool if there were more effects or threats caused by them. For instance, aging up your wood planks in your base until they desiccate entirely, or phasing back time on certain areas to glitch structures/weather in and out of existence. Imagine walking in the harsh snow during a temporal storm and you see fully bloomed sunny patches phase in and out of reality full of flowers, or stone walls you built suddenly have a gap since time went back there to before you came along, allowing enemies to pour in. (Ultimately phasing back to normal at the end of the storm) Maybe some structures that temporarily spawn in during the storm? It'd be cool if there was some way to prevent the phasing using temporal gears, maybe to secure a 9x9 area from being affected? It'd give some more depth to the storms, besides just waiting inside, but I'd imagine it'd be hard as hell to code especially taking chiseled blocks into consideration.