Nathan Flaminio

Did you try control right-click, or control shift right-click? I haven't done it myself yet, but it might be one of those. Or having a hammer in your offhand. 

/time calendarspeedmul [.5] is the normal flow of time in the game. I set mine to .125 for longer days, but that's a drastic change. Try .45 if you just want it a little longer (I'm just about to go to sleep, so my brain does not want to math to get the exact number)
It will not mess up your world. I can't speak to hunger because I don't play in normal time. It will make some things go slower, like how long it takes for an ingot to cool down, but other things are unaffected (heating in a crucible). 
I have macros set to go back and forth between .125 and 2 (I think). 

I know in vanilla you can only chisel so much off. You may have chiseled too many layers. Even one voxel too many can undo the room. 
Could also be the wrong face on the inside. Try to chisel the opposite side instead to see if that works. 
Otherwise, I'm not sure. I use a mod that keeps a chiseled room viable. 

Lol, fixed in the update, I believe. 1.22.2. 
Unless you are running 1.22.2 and it's still broken... 

I believe you have to get rid of or replace all grass/soil blocks that don't have crops planted on them with another type of material (stone, packed dirt, rammed earth)

It's the crude door, I think. Try walling it off with dirt or hay bales and see if that works.